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亚星彩票2023-01-31 16:05

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中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

部分需求提前透支 新势力车企1月销量集体遇冷******

  截至2月2日,比亚迪、蔚来、理想、小鹏、极氪等车企披露了1月销量情况。受春节假期等因素影响,叠加新能源车“国补”2022年末退出,部分需求提前透支,2023年1月新能源车销量环比大幅回落。其中,零跑销量环比下降87%,小鹏销量环比下降54%。

  业内人士表示,随着“国补”的退出,地方补贴或成为刺激新能源车消费的主导。同时,新能源车企降价,将带动终端销量增长。

  销量环比回落

  比亚迪、广汽埃安等传统车企以及“蔚小理”等新势力车企1月销量均环比回落。从造车新势力阵营看,“蔚小理”变成“理蔚小”。

  1月,理想交付汽车15141辆,环比下降29%,销量超蔚来和小鹏之和。蔚来、小鹏分别交付8506辆、5218辆,环比分别下降46%、54%。

  哪吒汽车交付6016辆,环比下降22.8%,超越小鹏位列新势力交付榜第三。哪吒汽车为2022年新势力销量冠军。

  此外,赛力斯1月新能源汽车销量达4885辆,环比下降70.6%,同比增长38.78%。

  极氪和零跑下滑较为明显。1月,零跑共交付汽车1139辆,环比下降86.6%,同比下降85.9%。极氪1月交付汽车3116辆,同比减少11.7%,环比减少72.5%。极氪表示,经过21天停产升级,极氪智慧工厂已于2月1日复工。

  传统车企方面,比亚迪和广汽埃安依旧保持较强竞争力。1月,比亚迪销售新能源汽车15.13万辆,环比下降35.7%,同比增长62.4%。根据乘联会预测数据,1月新能源汽车零售36万辆左右。比亚迪占据超40%的市场份额。

  此外,广汽埃安1月销量依旧过万,达10206辆,环比下降66%。

  车企“以价换量”

  对于1月新能源汽车销量环比回落,业内人士表示,受补贴退坡和春节假期影响,1月新能源汽车销售整体数据弱于正常表现,但仍属乐观。

  对于1月销量环比降幅较大的原因,乘联会秘书长崔东树表示,新能源汽车销量增长达到了一个瓶颈阶段。前期,新能源车型涨价过多,订单较少。而特斯拉等头部企业降价,消费者出现观望情绪。

  业内人士表示,特斯拉、小鹏、赛力斯等车企采用“以价换量”的模式,有望进一步拉动2月销量。

  赛力斯相关负责人向记者表示,1月赛力斯部分车型降价幅度达3万元。随着活动的持续,AITO问界系列车型的订单稳步增长。

  2月2日,蔚来宣布降价促销,2022款ES6和ES8降幅最高超10万元。北京蔚来直营店的销售人员告诉中国证券报记者:“活动从2月1日开始,不过优惠10万元的车型比较少。ES6和ES8裸配车型的优惠力度分别为5万-6万元、7万元左右,选配越多,价格越优惠。”该销售人员坦言,此举主要是为了拉动销量。

  此外,广汽埃安和五菱汽车等推出了限时优惠政策。

  东莞证券表示,多家新能源车企陆续宣布降价,有望刺激新能源汽车销量回暖。国泰君安研报显示,经济复苏和头部新能源车企降价策略一并发力,将带动汽车终端销量增长,2月会有所体现。

  利好政策频出

  近期,新能源汽车利好政策频出,部分城市延续此前促消费政策,支持新能源汽车消费。

  《上海市提信心扩需求稳增长促发展行动方案》提出,延续实施新能源车置换补贴,2023年6月30日前个人消费者报废或转出名下在上海市注册登记且符合相关标准的小客车,并购买纯电动汽车的,给予每辆车10000元的财政补贴。

  海通国际认为,各省市相继出台政策,如对上年补贴延期或推出新一轮购车补贴。2023年,地方消费补贴或成为刺激汽车消费的主导。华西证券表示,2023年车企将继续改善供给,多款重磅新品将交付,包括蔚来ET5猎装版、小鹏G7、理想L7等。新势力车企推出优质供给,交付量有望向好。

  展望2023年,东莞证券研报显示,全球新能源车市场有望维持高景气度,预计全年销量增速虽放缓,但仍将实现快速增长。

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